000 04729nam a22005415i 4500
001 978-94-007-5603-8
003 DE-He213
005 20140220082938.0
007 cr nn 008mamaa
008 121227s2013 ne | s |||| 0|eng d
020 _a9789400756038
_9978-94-007-5603-8
024 7 _a10.1007/978-94-007-5603-8
_2doi
050 4 _aQC902.8-903.2
072 7 _aRNPG
_2bicssc
072 7 _aSCI026000
_2bisacsh
072 7 _aSCI042000
_2bisacsh
082 0 4 _a577.27
_223
100 1 _aHari, Pertti.
_eeditor.
245 1 0 _aPhysical and Physiological Forest Ecology
_h[electronic resource] /
_cedited by Pertti Hari, Kari Heliövaara, Liisa Kulmala.
264 1 _aDordrecht :
_bSpringer Netherlands :
_bImprint: Springer,
_c2013.
300 _aXLII, 534 p. 233 illus.
_bonline resource.
336 _atext
_btxt
_2rdacontent
337 _acomputer
_bc
_2rdamedia
338 _aonline resource
_bcr
_2rdacarrier
347 _atext file
_bPDF
_2rda
505 0 _aContents -- 1. Introduction to Physical, Physiological and Causal Forest Ecology -- 2. The Approach to Construct and Test the Theory of Forest Ecology -- 3. Environmental Factors -- 4. Processes in Living Structures -- 5. Fluxes of Carbon, Water and Nutrients -- 6. Structural Regularities in Trees.-7. Dynamics of Carbon and Nitrogen Fluxes and Pools in Forest Ecosystem -- 8. How to Utilize The Knowledge of Causal Responses? -- 9 Station for Measuring Ecosystem-Atmosphere Relations – SMEAR -- 10. The Physical and Physiological Theory of Forest Ecology and its Evaluation -- Index.
520 _aThis important contribution is the result of decades of theoretical thinking and high-value data collection by the University of Helsinki examining forest ecosystems in great detail. The ecology is dominated by a qualitative approach, e.g. species and vegetation zones, but in contrast quantitative thinking is characteristic in the exact sciences of physics and physiology. The editors have bridged the gap between ecology and the exact sciences with an interdisciplinary and quantitative approach. This book recognizes this discrepancy as a hindrance to fruitful knowledge flow between the disciplines, and that physical and physiological knowledge has been omitted from forest ecology to a great extent. Starting with the importance of mass and energy flows in the interactions between forest ecosystems and their environment, the editors and authors offer a strong contribution to the pioneer H. T. Odum and his work from over 50 years ago. This book introduces a holistic synthesis of carbon and nitrogen fluxes in forest ecosystems from cell to stand level during the lifetime of trees. Metabolism and physical phenomena give rise to concentration, pressure and temperature differences that generate the material and energy fluxes between living organisms and their environment. The editors and authors utilize physiological, physical and anatomical background information to formulate theoretical ideas dealing with the effects of the environment and the state of enzymes, membrane pumps and pigments on metabolism. The emergent properties play an important role in the transitions from detailed to more aggregate levels in the ecosystem. Conservation of mass and energy allow the construction of dynamic models of carbon and nitrogen fluxes and pools at various levels in the hierarchy of forest ecosystems. Testing the predictions of these theories dealing with different phenomena in forest ecosystems was completed using the versatile and extensive data measured at SMEAR I and II (Stations for Measuring Ecosystem Atmosphere Relations) and at six additional stands in Finland, and five stands in Estonia. The theories are able to predict fluxes at different levels in the forest ecosystem gaining strong corroboration in the numerous field tests. Finally, the combined results from different hierarchical levels in the forest ecosystem form the physical and physiological theory of forest ecology.
650 0 _aEnvironmental sciences.
650 0 _aScience (General).
650 0 _aEcology.
650 0 _aZoology.
650 0 _aClimatic changes.
650 1 4 _aEnvironment.
650 2 4 _aClimate Change.
650 2 4 _aEcology.
650 2 4 _aAtmospheric Sciences.
650 2 4 _aScience, general.
650 2 4 _aBiophysics and Biological Physics.
650 2 4 _aZoology.
700 1 _aHeliövaara, Kari.
_eeditor.
700 1 _aKulmala, Liisa.
_eeditor.
710 2 _aSpringerLink (Online service)
773 0 _tSpringer eBooks
776 0 8 _iPrinted edition:
_z9789400756021
856 4 0 _uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5603-8
912 _aZDB-2-EES
999 _c99664
_d99664