000 04871nam a22005175i 4500
001 978-3-642-19683-6
003 DE-He213
005 20140220083257.0
007 cr nn 008mamaa
008 120601s2012 gw | s |||| 0|eng d
020 _a9783642196836
_9978-3-642-19683-6
024 7 _a10.1007/978-3-642-19683-6
_2doi
050 4 _aRC321-580
072 7 _aPSAN
_2bicssc
072 7 _aMED057000
_2bisacsh
082 0 4 _a612.8
_223
100 1 _aSlominski, Andrzej T.
_eauthor.
245 1 0 _aSensing the Environment: Regulation of Local and Global Homeostasis by the Skin's Neuroendocrine System
_h[electronic resource] /
_cby Andrzej T. Slominski, Michal A. Zmijewski, Cezary Skobowiat, Blazej Zbytek, Radomir M. Slominski, Jeffery D. Steketee.
264 1 _aBerlin, Heidelberg :
_bSpringer Berlin Heidelberg :
_bImprint: Springer,
_c2012.
300 _aXV, 115 p. 23 illus., 17 illus. in color.
_bonline resource.
336 _atext
_btxt
_2rdacontent
337 _acomputer
_bc
_2rdamedia
338 _aonline resource
_bcr
_2rdacarrier
347 _atext file
_bPDF
_2rda
490 1 _aAdvances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology,
_x0301-5556 ;
_v212
505 0 _aIntroduction -- Biogenic amines in the skin -- Melatoninergic system in the skin -- Cutaneous cholinergic system -- Corticotropin signaling system in the skin -- Steroidogenesis in the skin -- Equivalent of hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis in the skin -- Cutaneous secosteroidal system -- Equivalent of hypthalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis -- Cutaneous opioid system -- Cutaneous endocannabinoid system -- Perspectives -- References -- Subject index.
520 _aThe skin, the body’s largest organ, is strategically located at the interface with the external environment where it detects, integrates and responds to a diverse range of stressors, including solar radiation. It has already been established that the skin is an important peripheral neuroendocrine-immune organ that is closely networked with central regulatory systems. These capabilities contribute to the maintenance of peripheral homeostasis. Specifically, epidermal and dermal cells produce and respond to classical stress neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and hormones, production which is stimulated by ultraviolet radiation (UVR), biological factors (infectious and non-infectious) and other physical and chemical agents.  Examples of local biologically active products are cytokines, biogenic amines (catecholamines, histamine, serotonin and N-acetyl-serotonin), melatonin, acetylocholine, neuropeptides including pituitary (proopiomelanocortin-derived ACTH, b-endorphin or MSH peptides, thyroid stimulating hormone) and hypothalamic (corticotropin-releasing factor and related urocortins, thyroid-releasing hormone) hormones, as well as enkephalins and dynorphins, thyroid  hormones,  steroids (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, sex hormones, 7-δ steroids), secosteroids, opioids and endocannabinoids. The production of these molecules is hierarchical, organized along the algorithms of classical neuroendocrine axes such as the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA), hypothalamic-thyroid axis (HPT), serotoninergic, melatoninergic, catecholaminergic, cholinergic, steroid/secosteroidogenic, opioid and endocannabinoid systems. Disruptions of these axes or of communication between them may lead to skin and/or systemic diseases. These local neuroendocrine networks also serve to limit the effect of noxious environmental agents to preserve local and consequently global homeostasis. Moreover, the skin-derived factors/systems can also activate cutaneous nerve endings to alert the brain to changes in the epidermal or dermal environments, or alternatively to activate other coordinating centers by direct (spinal cord) neurotransmission without brain involvement. Furthermore, rapid and reciprocal communications between epidermal and dermal and adnexal compartments are also mediated by neurotransmission including antidromic modes of conduction. Lastly, skin cells and the skin as an organ coordinate and/or regulate not only peripheral but also global homeostasis.  
650 0 _aMedicine.
650 0 _aNeurosciences.
650 0 _aDermatology.
650 1 4 _aBiomedicine.
650 2 4 _aNeurosciences.
650 2 4 _aDermatology.
700 1 _aZmijewski, Michal A.
_eauthor.
700 1 _aSkobowiat, Cezary.
_eauthor.
700 1 _aZbytek, Blazej.
_eauthor.
700 1 _aSlominski, Radomir M.
_eauthor.
700 1 _aSteketee, Jeffery D.
_eauthor.
710 2 _aSpringerLink (Online service)
773 0 _tSpringer eBooks
776 0 8 _iPrinted edition:
_z9783642196829
830 0 _aAdvances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology,
_x0301-5556 ;
_v212
856 4 0 _uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19683-6
912 _aZDB-2-SME
999 _c101916
_d101916